The ArQuives
In partnership with the Museum of Toronto (formerly Myseum Toronto)
Curated by Tobaron Waxman
April 19 – May 19, 2023

By Adi Berardini
Walking down Church Street in the Village, I turn my head from left to right to see rainbow flags, symbols of LGBTQ2S+ pride and acceptance. Making the trip to Toronto from the smaller, mid-size city of London, Ontario viewing the volume of flags and symbols of acceptance is powerful. As the LGBTQ2S+ specific spaces dwindle in the city I currently reside in, seeing ActiVisions: Trans Histories and Activism, 1950s -1990s curated by Tobaron Waxman for Museum of Toronto at The ArQuives, reassures me how the LGBTQ2S+ community, specifically trans communities, establish both public and private spaces through art, gatherings, and publishing, no matter the suffocations of a heteronormative society.
Curated by interdisciplinary artist Tobaron Waxman, ActiVisions: Trans History spotlights the ArQuives’ Trans Collections and focuses on the history in Toronto from the 1950s to 1990s, however, the reach extends beyond that across Canada through the letters, buttons, documents, music, art, video, photography and periodicals featured. The exhibition focuses on the legacy of activists Mirha-Soleil Ross and Rupert Raj, alongside many other transgender artists and advocates. Waxman explains that their approach to the exhibition stems from “non-binary thought,” a term they coined. As they detail, “Rather than juxtaposing one person’s timeline against another, I’m hoping that people are encountering a developmental flow in their experience of the exhibition, as well as contexts where you could sit and relax and read.” On display is a breadth of ephemera covering essential Canadian transgender history.

Top Left: Transisters, Hans Schierl – Dandy Dust, L to R: Book by Candy Darling, My Face For The World To See, Mirha-Soleil Ross and Xanthra Phillippa MacKay original gendertrash original collage and buttons; sketches by Beth Tyler. Photo by Tobaron Waxman, courtesy of the ArQuives.
Based in Toronto and Montréal, Mirha-Soleil Ross is a trailblazer trans activist, artist, and sex worker, whose work develops intersections of prisoner justice, animal liberation, sex work advocacy, and more. She published the zine gendertrash from hell with her then-partner, Xanthra Phillippa MacKay.[1] Published for five volumes, the zine “[gave] a voice to gender queers, who’ve been discouraged from speaking out & communicating with each other,”[2] including art, poetry, writing, and information by transgender individuals, low-income queers, sex workers, and prisoners. Advocacy for incarcerated prisoners was deeply important to Ross, and a plinth in the far corner is dedicated to her correspondence with prisoners, including a cartoon drawing created for her and a folder with letters to and from prisoners.

Ross also established a film, spoken word, and performance art festival, Counting Past 2, by and for transgender artists and filmmakers. As detailed in its mandate in the raw sienna-coloured pamphlet featured in ActiVisions, the festival aimed “to show audiences that transsexual people are creative and that it is through our own work they can best start to grasp what our lives, sexuality, and political struggles are all about.” Periodicals and newsletters by trans artists and writers by and for the community, with a focus on mutual aid, are a strong focus of the exhibition, with many available for visitors to read through.
Trans activist and community builder Rupert Raj is featured in a documentary titled Rupert Remembers, directed and produced by Xanthra Phillip MacKay, which documents Raj’s trans activism in Toronto from 1971 to 1990. Raj is shown quite earnestly in front of a plethora of locations that were essential to the activism that he did in the community. The locations also included safe private venues, such as Vicky’s apartment on the 9th floor where Rocky Horror Picture Show screenings occurred. Raj sparked healthcare activism and provided space for transgender people, providing social events and support for significant others.


Raj created, edited, published, and distributed publications FACT and Metamorphosis Magazine, which specifically focus on access to clinical research, hormones and surgery, legal reform, and life-saving information on medical care for trans men,[3] are on display on the table in the center of the exhibition, along with letters to surgeons. The publications were often under different aliases he adopted for privacy and legal reasons. He helped establish the “Foundation for the Advancement of Canadian Transsexuals” (FACT) providing social support and exchange of information, medical, social and legal resources, counselling, and education.

Table with iPad of the complete run of Metamorphosis, multiple books of theory, poetry, first-person nonfiction narrative on the table and windowsill.
Photo by Davina Hader, courtesy of The ArQuives.
Across the room from the film screenings, a vibrant pencil crayon portrait of Rupert Raj by Maya Suess adorns the wall composed of a prism of colours, which was commissioned by the ArQuives for their National Portrait Collection. Waxman explains how the portraits of activists are placed higher on the wall to reach the gaze of the other activist portraits featured, almost as if they are glancing at each other from across the exhibition, such as the striking colour portrait of Mirha-Soleil Ross on the adjacent wall by Julia Stringhetta, newly revealed to the public through the exhibition. On the window ledge was an award to Jackie Shane made of amber-coloured glass, with her album playing on the turntable, over a background soundtrack of Waxman’s curated playlist of trans musicians and trans anthems from the first half of the 20th century. The reading nook beside a stack of transgender literature near natural light creates a lovely space to absorb all the information while listening to the soundtrack.

Displayed across the right side of the room are newspapers, posters, a t-shirt, and zines showing solidarity and coalition with trans individuals, sex workers, cabaret, and nightlife culture. Included are page excerpts from Maggie’s Zine: By Sex Workers for Sex Workers: 1993-1994 displayed in frames. In an article titled, “Sweeping Us Under the Rug: A Pro Talks About the ’89 Shriners’ Sweep,” the pages include an account by activist Anastasia Kuzyk, who was one of 350 women picked up over eight days during the Shriners’ Convention. The edited transcript explains in first person how her rights were violated after being arrested by an undercover cop. She details being kept in a holding cell, having her phone call withheld from her for thirty-three hours, and then having the right to plead guilty taken away as well. Although the charges were dismissed, Kuzyk ended up serving an eleven-day sentence and didn’t have the option to be let out on bail.[4] She had never had a previous conviction and explained how her friends were shocked. The framed zine pages demonstrate how transgender sex workers were criminalized, swept off the streets, and dehumanized. However, the exhibition displays how cis and trans sex workers used art and cultural production as a means of resistance and demonstration of solidarity.

In the LGBTQ+ Oral History Digital Collaboratory, interviews highlight figures who have advocated for equal rights for the trans community such as Rupert Raj, Susan Gapka, Greta Bauer, Martine Stonehouse, and Cheri DiNovo. The activists and researchers speak to the 1998 delisting and the 2008 relisting of gender affirmation surgery under the Ontario Health Insurance Program (OHIP). As a former MPP, Cheri DiNovo passed more LGBTQ+ bills than anyone in Canadian history, including Toby’s Act (named after Toby Dancer) which added trans rights to the Ontario Human Rights Code in 2012.[5] As DiNovo explains, it’s important to mention something when someone’s wrong. She says, “Step up and it has a chance of getting better. Never be afraid to tell the truth—Never be afraid to stand up to bullies.”
ActiVisions highlights essential activist work through art, zines, buttons, and cultural production, especially at a time when the transgender community is attacked for living their lives authentically, with lifesaving healthcare and resources currently being threatened due to hateful rhetoric. It’s important to learn these histories to prevent the injustices towards the transgender and queer community from simply occurring again in a loop ad infinitum. When it comes to advocating for the transgender community, it’s essential to demonstrate support beyond the bottom line and the month dedicated to pride. As ActiVisions: Trans Histories and Activism, 1950s -1990s demonstrates, art and the revisiting of the archive prove a powerful mode of doing so.
Check out the ActiVisions playlist by Tobaron Waxman:
[1] Xanthra Phillippa MacKay was an influential activist in her own right. The ArQuives is actively seeking donations of her materials.
[2] Mackay, Xanthra Phillippa; Ross, Mirha-Soleil (1993). gendertrash from hell, vol 1. Toronto, ON: genderpress.
[3] Raj, Rupert. Metamorphosis vol. 1, no 1. (February 1982), 1.
[4] Maggie’s Zine: By Sex Workers for Sex Workers: 1993-1994. Pg 17.
[5] Toby’s Act (Right to be Free from Discrimination and Harassment Because of Gender Identity or Gender Expression), 2012″. Legislative Assembly of Ontario.



















